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Unpacking Ideas

Unpacking Ideas

By Zach Stehura

Unpacking the most influential ideas from the past to make them more accessible in the present.

To read along with us visit www.unpackingideas.com/podcast
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9. Erich Neumann on Scapegoat Psychology Pt. 2

Unpacking IdeasSep 22, 2021

00:00
01:27:29
33. Dante Alighieri on Inferno Pt.1
May 01, 202401:16:20
32. Thomas Paine on Tyranny

32. Thomas Paine on Tyranny

In this episode we unpack "Common Sense" by English-American Political Activist Thomas Paine.

This Books Explores...

  • The Functions of Society and Government
  • The Evils of Monarchy
  • The Path Forward for the American Colonies

Links to Reading & Articles mentioned

Common Sense by Thomas Paine

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠UnpackingIdeas.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

Guest: Jared Shoup

Music: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Polyenso⁠⁠⁠⁠

Time Stamps

0:00:00 Introduction

0:05:01 Historical Context of Common Sense

0:13:37 Thomas Paine’s Background 

0:20:48 The Differences Between Society and Government 

00:25:00 Government as a Necessary Evil

00:27:28 Anti-Monarchy Sentiments in The Old Testament 

0:30:11 Parallels Between The 12 Tribes of Israel and The 13 American Colonies 

0:32:01 The Origins of Kings

0:35:35 Paine’s Critiques of Hereditary Succession

00:37:35 Paine’s Critiques of Constitutional Monarchy  

0:42:13 The Disease of Monarchy 

0:44:19 Paine’s Ad Hominem Attacks

0:45:14 The Present State of American Affairs

0:46:26 Why Separation from England is Necessary

0:47:40 England as “The Mother Country”    

0:50:00 Why America Doesn’t Need England for Protection

0:51:16 Why America Doesn’t Need England for Trade

0:52:20 Logistical Nightmare of Communication with England

0:53:52 Why Now is the Time for Separation

0:54:58 The Paradoxical Correlation between a Nation’s Population and Military Size

0:58:00 “Relapse More Wretched Than the First”

0:59:56 Paine’s Ideas in What an American Government Should Look Like

1:04:06 America’s Naval Potential 

1:07:44 Paine’s Call to Unite America

1:10:35 The Impact of “Common Sense”

1:13:05 Wrapping Up/Outro




Dec 21, 202301:14:11
31. Carl Jung on The Significance of Dreams

31. Carl Jung on The Significance of Dreams

In this episode we unpack several essays from Swiss psychologist Carl Jung's Collected Works on Dreams.

These Essays Explore...

  • The Differences between Freudian and Jungian Dream Interpretation
  • Why Common Symbols and Themes Show up in our Dreams
  • The Benefits of Making Dream Material Conscious

Links to Reading & Articles mentioned

Dreams (excepts from collected works) by Carl Jung

Memories, Dreams, and Reflections by Carl Jung

Man and His Symbols by Carl Jung

The Interpretation of Dreams by Sigmund Freud

A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠UnpackingIdeas.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

Guest: Aiden Moore *For one-on-one dream interpretation sessions with Aiden visit AidenMoore.com

Music: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Polyenso⁠⁠⁠


Time Stamps

00:00:00 Introduction

00:03:19 Differences Between Freudian & Jungian Dream Interpretation

00:05:09 Beginner's Mind

00:08:14 Assimilation vs. Accommodation

00:12:30 Taking up the Context of the Dream

00:19:45 The Dream as Repressed Wish-Fulfillment

00:24:11 The Language of the Unconscious

00:29:47 Causal vs. Final Explanations of Dreams

00:35:05 Compensatory Dreams

00:37:31 Prospective Dreams

00:41:39 Little Dreams vs. Big Dreams

00:44:07 Archetypes/The Collective Unconscious 

00:49:07 The Objective vs. Subjective Interpretation of Dreams

00:55:30 Practical Application to Dream Interpretation

00:56:56 The "Punny" Character of Dream Images

01:00:12 Resisting the "Correct" Interpretation of a Dream

01:03:43 Slowing Integrating Unconscious Material

01:06:03 Repressed Material Will Follow You Until You Face It

01:08:46 The Empathy & Tact needed to Interpret Dreams

01:10:26 Resisting the "Correct" Interpretation of a Dream

01:13:38 The Consequences of Ignoring Recurring Dreams

01:18:10 Wrapping Up/Outro


Oct 23, 202301:20:54
30. The Bhagavad Gita on Nonattachment

30. The Bhagavad Gita on Nonattachment

In this episode we unpack The Bhagavad Gita from The Mahabharata written circa 500-200 BCE.

This Book Explores...

  • Karma Yoga & Non-attachment
  • The Link Between Right Understanding and Right Action
  • The Interconnectedness of All Things

Links to Reading & Articles mentioned

The Bhagavad Gita (Translation: Gita Press)

The Bhagavad Gita (Translation: Eknath Easwaran)

Bhagavad Gita Lecture Series by Gandhar Mandlik *youtube*

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  ⁠⁠⁠⁠UnpackingIdeas.com⁠⁠⁠⁠

Guest: Gandhar Mandlik YogaPoint.com Online/In-Person Yoga Courses and Teacher Training

Music: ⁠⁠⁠⁠Polyenso⁠⁠


Time Stamps

00:00 Introduction

03:00 Gandhar’s Personal Relationship to the Gita

04:36 Background of the Gita Story

08:56 All Problems are Interconnected 

12:16 False Identification with the Physical Body

15:56 Cosmic Consciousness 

18:22 The Trap of Sensual Desires

25:43 Right Understanding & Right Action

27:36 The Two Paths to Self Realization (Monk & Householder)

29:20 Karma Yoga / Dharma

32:20 Nonattached Action

35:00 Contributing to the Ecology

40:37 Bhakti & Jnana Yoga

48:07 Nondualism /The Cosmic Form

57:05 Characteristics of the Self-Realized Person

59:49 Service to Others as a key for Fighting Depression

1:00:47 Wrapping Up/Outro


Aug 21, 202301:02:26
29. Friedrich Nietzsche on Guilt & Bad Conscience Pt.2

29. Friedrich Nietzsche on Guilt & Bad Conscience Pt.2

In this episode we unpack the Second essay in German Existentialist Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche's classic work "The Genealogy of Morals" from 1887.

This Essay Explores...

  • The Origins of Punishment
  • The Psychology of Guilt
  • The Link Between Civilization and Bad Conscience

Links to Reading & Articles mentioned

⁠On the Genealogy of Morals by Friedrich Nietzsche⁠

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  ⁠⁠⁠UnpackingIdeas.com⁠⁠⁠

Guest: Samuel Le Coutour

Theme Music: ⁠⁠⁠Polyenso⁠


Time Stamps

00:00 Intro

03:16 Questions Nietzsche is Trying to Answer

04:12 Origin of Punishment vs. Utility of Punishment

08:25 Punishment Hardens the Individual

10:24 The Etymology of the word “Guilt”

11:01 The Creditor/Debtor Relationship

12:32 Suffering as Compensation

13:48 Suffering as Entertainment Throughout History 

14:39 The Link between Sadism and Social Status

17:14 Grace as a Form of Domination

19:31 The Social Contract

22:52 Lack of Free Will in Early Punishment

24:20 Nietzsche’s Hypothesis on the Origin of Bad Conscience

24:30 The State of Nature Theory

27:10 Turing The Will to Power Against Oneself

32:30 Masochism 

33:34 Punishment as Entertainment for the Gods

34:47 Aristocrats Create Bad Conscience in Slaves

37:46 Ancestor Worship

40:22 Original Sin / The Psychology of Guilt

44:43 Debt Becoming Spiritual and Internal

46:19 Internalizing the Creditor/Debtor Dynamic within One’s own Conscience

48:59 Nietzsche’s Views on Bad Conscience / The Sovereign Individual

52:40 Wrapping up/ Outro


Jul 10, 202354:03
28. Friedrich Nietzsche on The Origins of Morality Pt.1

28. Friedrich Nietzsche on The Origins of Morality Pt.1

In this episode we unpack the first essay in German Existentialist Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche's classic work "The Genealogy of Morals" from 1887.

This Essay Explores...

  • The Etymology of the words 'good', 'bad', and 'evil'
  • Nietzsche's Concepts of Master & Slave Morality
  • Which type of Morality is dominant in the Western world today

Links to Reading & Articles mentioned

On the Genealogy of Morals by Friedrich Nietzsche

The Vocation Lectures by Max Weber

Civilization and Its Discontents by Sigmund Freud

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  ⁠⁠UnpackingIdeas.com⁠⁠

Guest: Samuel Le Coutour

Theme Music: ⁠⁠Polyenso


Time Stamps

00:00:00 Introduction

00:02:35 Challenges in Discussing this piece

00:04:49 Nuances in Nietzsche’s terminology 

00:07:15 Questions Nietzsche is Trying Answers

00:09:36 “We are Unknown, we Knowers of Ourselves to ourselves”

00:11:11 Moral Prejudices of his time

00:13:54 Etymology of the words ‘Good’ and ‘Bad’

00:17:15 Language as an Expression of Power

00:21:20 The Function of The Priest in Society 

00:23:54 Using Morality to Justify Domination 

00:27:29 The Invention of Free Will

00:32:30 The Slave Revolt in Morality 

00:36:14 Ressentiment

00:41:07 Nietzsche’s fear of Slave Morality 

00:45:30 Nietzsche’s Criticism of Master Morality

00:47:43 Nietzsche’s Solution 

00:49:18 The Battle Between Master & Slave Morality on the psychological level

00:55:49 The Battle Between Master & Slave Morality on the societal level

1:00:15 Secular manifestations of Slave Morality 

1:02:09 Wrapping up/Outro

Jun 12, 202301:04:24
27. Viktor Frankl on Man's Search for Meaning

27. Viktor Frankl on Man's Search for Meaning

In this episode we unpack Jewish-Austrian psychiatrist Viktor Frankl's classic book "Man's Search for Meaning" from 1946.

This Book Explores...

  • What happens when our will to meaning has become suppressed
  • How we can derive meaning from our suffering
  • Why 'what is the meaning of life?' is a bad question

Links to Reading & Articles mentioned

Man's Search for Meaning by Viktor E. Frankl

The Last Day of a Condemned Man by Victor Hugo

The Tin Drum by Gunter Grass

Discipline and Punish by Michel Foucault

The Gay Science by Friedrich Nietzsche

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  ⁠UnpackingIdeas.com⁠

Guest: Barbara Spadaro

Theme Music: ⁠Polyens⁠o


Time Stamps

00:00 Introduction

O2:09 Context of book

0:3:36 Egoism & Altruism amongst Prisoners

09:11 Phase 1: Denial

09:58 The Delusion of Reprieve

12:10 Phase 2: Apathy

13:31 Psychology of Guards

16:15 Two Types of Trauma

18:51 Phase 3: Anger

20:05 The desire for Revenge

22:40 Truth and Reconciliation after WW2

Forgive but not Forget

26:15 Finding Meaning Through Suffering

31:00 Finding Meaning Through Love & Work

33:20 Logotherapy in a Nutshell

33:44 The Will to Meaning

36:28 Paradoxical Intention

37:20 The Paradox of Striving for Happiness

40:02 The Meaning of Life

40:57 How The Meaning of Life Changes During the Course of One’s Life

44:00 The Is One Correct Answer to Every Situation in Life

46:24 “Live as if you were living already for the second time…”

48:47 Outro

May 08, 202349:47
26. Henri Bergson on The Philosophy of Laughter
Jan 26, 202301:01:15
25. Marcus Aurelius on Self-Control

25. Marcus Aurelius on Self-Control

In this episode we unpack Roman Emperor and Stoic Philosopher Marcus Aurelius's classic book "Meditations" from 170 AD.

This book explores...

  • Seeing Things as They Really Are
  • Focusing Only on What is in Your Control
  • Remaining Calm Through Turbulent Times

Links to Reading & Articles mentioned

Meditations by Marcus Aurelius

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin by Benjamin Franklin

Principles by Ray Dalio

Silence of the Lambs (movie)

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  UnpackingIdeas.com

Guest: Steve Chung

Theme Music: Polyenso

Timestamps

00:00:00 Intro

00:03:11 Modern Interpretations of Stoicism

00:04:21 Translation

00:05:13 Why Aurelius Wrote the Book 

00:08:30 Doing Good for the Wrong Reasons

00:09:37 Seeking Truth No Matter Who is Speaking it

00:13:10 The Logos

00:15:19 The Importance of Rationality 

00:16:39 Doing What is in Our Nature

00:17:40 Focusing on Yourself 

00:20:14 Expect People to Do What is in Their Nature

00:22:03 The Interconnected of All People

00:24:30 What is Natural is Good

00:25:58 Death = Change

00:26:49 Death as the Great Equalizer

00:27:43 Momento Mori 

00:28:35 The Difference Between Stoicism and Nihilism 

00:31:28 Your Legacy Won’t Live On After You Die

00:33:22 Seeking Approval From Others

00:36:08 Focusing on What is in Our Control

00:37:29 The Transgressor Harms Themselves When They Transgress

00:38:56 External Things Can’t Harm You  

00:40:58 All Sin is Due to Ignorance 

00:48:30 Equanimity 

00:50:04 The Appeal of Stoicism During Times of Great Upheaval

00:53:11 Parallels to Buddhism

00:53:24 Seeing Things Objectively

00:57:35 There is Nothing New Under the Sun

01:00:00 The Present is the Only Time That Exists

01:02:55 Wrapping Up/Outro




Dec 27, 202201:04:12
24. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross on The Five Stages of Grief

24. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross on The Five Stages of Grief

In this episode we unpack Swiss Psychiatrist and Author Elisabeth Kubler-Ross's classic book "On Death and Dying" from 1969.

This book explores...

  • The Fear of Death in the Modern Age
  • The Five Stages of Grief
  • Advice for Navigating the 5 Stages of Grief

Links to Reading & Articles mentioned

On Death and Dying by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross

The Trauma of Birth by Otto Rank

Uses of the Erotic by Audrey Lorde 

Illness as Metaphor by Susan Sontag 

Empathy vs. Sympathy by Brene Brown (video)

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  UnpackingIdeas.com

Guest: Andrea Dispenziere Psychology Today

Theme Music: Polyenso

Timestamps

00:00:00 Introduction 

00:02:58 Autumn’s Association with Death

00:06:15 Reminding Ourselves of our Mortality 

00:13:19 Fear of Death in the Modern Age

00:14:40 Decline in Infant Mortality 

00:17:25 Impersonal Treatment of Terminal Patients 

00:24:29 The Illusion of Control

00:25:39 Summary of Kubler-Ross’s Interview Project 

00:28:10 Verbal Ventilation 

00:28:59 Importance of Meaning/Purpose

00:33:38 Mourning the Loss of Certain Abilities before Death

00:36:42 The Five Stages of Grief

00:38:23 Stage 1: Denial

00:39:18 Euphemism 

00:40:51 Emotional Detachment 

00:46:00 The Stigma of Denial

00:48:50 The Last Stage of the 5 stages of grief is the First Step of the 12 steps Program 

00:50:05 The Link between Denial and Hope

00:52:16 Shock and Numbness 

00:53:22 The Connection between Isolation and Denial

00:55:24 Stage 2: Anger

00:55:29 Anger at God

00:57:06 Anger at Oneself

00:59:05 Victim Blaming

01:01:00 Anger at the Living

01:02:16 Stage 3: Bargaining 

01:02:54 Ambivalence 

01:04:50 Bargaining with God

01:05:43 Reneging on the “Agreement”

01:10:45 Stage 4: Depression 

01:10:49 Reactive vs. Preparatory Depression

01:12:47 Telling the Depressed Person to “Cheer Up”

01:14:15 Grieving your Anticipated Future 

01:18:49 Sitting with the Person in Whatever Stage They’re In

01:21:28 Stage 5: Acceptance 

01:21:36 Detaching from Life

01:22:30 Conflating Acceptance as “Quitting”

01:23:30 Difficulty Accepting Death in a Masculine Culture

01:25:57 Need for Solitude at End of Life

01:29:12 Kubler-Ross’s View of Death and Dying

01:30:30 Wrapping up/Outro

Nov 21, 202201:31:46
23. John Muir on Finding God in Nature

23. John Muir on Finding God in Nature

In this episode we unpack American Naturalist and Environmental Activist John Muir's Spiritual Writings from 1867-1915.

These letters explores...

  • The Revitalizing Effects of Wilderness on the Body and Spirit
  • The Interconnectedness of All Things in Nature
  • Finding Gratitude in the Big and Little Things in Life

Links to Reading & Articles mentioned

Spiritual Writings by John Muir

Man and Nature by Alan Watts

Chief Seattle full Speech 1854

Cinderella Man (film)

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  UnpackingIdeas.com

Guest: Mark McCann   Wordsnvisions.com 

Theme Music: Polyenso

Timestamps

00:00:00 Introduction 

00:03:55 Hiking as a Metaphor for Life

00:05:13 Summary of John Muir’s Life

00:08:35 Water over Stones 

00:09:14 Finding God in a Thunderstorm 

00:12:44 The Fear of the Unknown 

00:16:57 The Call of Nature

00:20:52 The Confessional of the Woods/Solitude

00:24:13 Man’s Relationship to Nature 

00:34:10 Seeking God in Scripture and Nature

00:35:06 The Cathedral Effect 

00:40:27 Gratitude for The Big and Little Things

00:43:22 The Revitalizing Effects of Wilderness on the Body and Spirit

00:51:00 Muir’s Mission in Life

00:53:34 Wrapping up/Outro

Oct 17, 202255:04
22. Aldous Huxley on Altered States of Consciousness

22. Aldous Huxley on Altered States of Consciousness

In this episode we unpack British novelist and public intellectual Aldous Huxley's 1954 essay "The Doors of Perception."

This essay explores...

  • Huxley's experience on Mescalin
  • The Reducing Valve Theory of Consciousness 
  • The human desire to transcend self-conscious self-hood
  • The ethics of the contemplative life

Links to Reading & Articles mentioned

The Doors of Perception by Aldous Huxley

General Resonance Theory (paper)

Entropic Brain Hypothesis (paper)

Pivotal Mental States (paper)

Nested Observer Windows (paper)

The Bhagavad Gita translation by Eknath Easwaran

How to Change Your Mind by Michael Pollan

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  UnpackingIdeas.com

Guest: Nikki Johnson   linkedin https://www.linkedin.com/in/nikki-johnson-free-thinker/

Theme Music: Polyenso

Timestamps

00:00:00 introduction 

00:03:05 background about Huxley’s trip

00:05:58 the challenge of trying to communicate direct experience 

00:11:30 Nikki's multi-sphere model of consciousness 

00:14:28 the various terms for “God”

00:16:36 the reducing-valve theory of consciousness 

00:27:52 types of people who filter out less primary consciousness 

00:28:09 The Artist 

00:31:26 The Schizophrenic 

00:35:40 The Genius 

00:36:33 the terror of witnessing God directly

00:43:06 the morality of the contemplative life

00:46:32 Huxley’s conception of enlightenment 

00:48:46 the desire for self-transcendence 

00:50:45 the war on psychedelics 

00:54:27 integrating lessons from past lives

00:56:15 how a psychedelic experience changes a person’s character 

00:57:23 wrapping up/outro





Sep 19, 202258:57
21. Eric Berne on Games People Play

21. Eric Berne on Games People Play

In this episode we unpack Canadian psychiatrist and analyst Eric Berne's 1964 book "Games People Play."

This book explores...

  • The 6 different types of social interactions
  • The most common games people play
  • What intimacy is and why it is so rare

Links to Reading 

Games People Play by Eric Berne

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  UnpackingIdeas.com

Guest: Sonya   @selfhelpsonya on TikTok & Instagram

Theme Music: Polyenso

Timestamps

00:00:00 Intro

00:04:04 The 6 Types of Interactions

00:05:59 Withdrawal

00:08:09 Procedures

00:10:13 Rituals

00:11:39 Emotional Stroking 

00:14:28 Calculating how many strokes to give

00:19:21 Pastimes/Small-talk 

00:20:06 Types of Small-talk

00:21:08 How a host determines the pastimes people play at a party

00:24:08 The rules for small-talk

00:27:16 Why we engage in small-talk

00:28:38 The 3 Ego States

00:29:25 The Parent Ego State

00:29:45 The Child Ego State

00:30:18 The Adult Ego State

00:31:32 Complementary Transactions

00:33:31 Crossed Transactions

00:36:00 Child-Child Transaction

00:38:04 Adult-Adult Transaction

00:38:39 The 2 Levels of of an interaction (social level & psychological level)

00:39:05 Superficial Transactions

00:39:32 Ulterior Transactions

00:39:46 Flirtatious Games

00:42:32 A Thesaurus of Games

00:42:36 "Look Ma, No Hands!"

00:47:32 "Now I've got You, You Son-of-a-Bitch!"

00:52:55 "Why Don't You, Yes But..."

00:55:25 Intimacy

00:56:00 The Uncorrupted Child 

00:57:39 Operations ie. stating a need directly

01:00:36 Why most people settle for games

01:01:53 Closing Thoughts

01:03:34 Outro 




 

Sep 02, 202201:04:31
20. Jean Piaget on The Psychology of Children

20. Jean Piaget on The Psychology of Children

In this episode we unpack Swiss Epistemologist and Developmental Psychologist Jean Piaget's 1969 book "The Psychology of a Child."

This book explores...

  • The Stages of Cognitive Development
  • How Morality develops in the child
  • How and Why Children Play

Links to Reading and Other Sources Mentioned

The Psychology of the Child by Jean Piaget

A Piaget Primer by Dorothy G. Singer & Tracey A. Revenson

Conversations with Piaget by Jean-Claude Bringuier

Civilization and Its Discontents by Sigmund Freud 

Babies (Netflix docuseries)

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  UnpackingIdeas.com

Guest: Jeff Micheal-Johnson 

Theme Music: Polyenso

Timestamps

00:00:00 Intro 

00:05:26 What Piaget was trying to study 

00:09:15 How a Child Learns (Adaptation/Assimilation/Accommodation) 

00:17:04 The Stages of Cognitive Development 

00:24:00 The Sensory-Motor Stage/Egocentrism 

00:30:42 Object Permanence 

00:33:19 Language at the Sensory-Motor Stage 

00:36:15 Play at the Sensory-Motor stage/Practice Play 

00:37:32 The Pre-moral Stage 

00:38:21 The Pre-operrational Stage/Superstitious Thinking 

00:43:44 Language at the Pre-operational stage/The Monologue 

00:46:00 The Collective Monologue 

00:47:53 Play at the Pre-operational stage/Parallel Play 

00:50:57 Symbolic Play 

00:52:48 Animism 

00:54:20 Free Play 

00:57:39 The Conventional Stage of Morality 

01:01:18 Conservation 

01:06:36 The Concrete Operations Stage 

01:07:15 Language in the Concrete Operations stage 

01:10:07 Play at the Concrete Operations stages/Games with Rules 

01:16:10 The Autonomous Stage of Morality 

01:18:42 The Formal Operations Stage/Abstract Thought 

01:22:17 Language at the Formal Operations Stage 

01:22:56 Life after the 4 stages of Development 

01:24:09 Spiritual Development 

01:25:30 Egocentrism vs Egolessness 

01:27:17 How the Child Lives on in the Adult 



Aug 08, 202201:30:38
19. Albert Camus on The Absurdity of Life

19. Albert Camus on The Absurdity of Life

In this episode we unpack Algerian Novelist Albert Camus' 1942 essay "The Myth of Sisyphus."

This essay explores...

-Why life is an absurdity

-Why sitting with inconvenient truths make them easier to bare

-How to find meaning in a meaningless world

Links to Reading and Other Sources Mentioned

The Myth of Sisyphus by Albert Camus

Hamlet by William Shakespeare 

A Night of Serious Drinking by Rene Daumal

Oedipus by Sophocles

Man's Search for Meaning by Viktor E. Frankl

The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Rings (film)

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  UnpackingIdeas.com

Guest: Arthur O'Dwyer

Theme Music: Polyenso

Timestamps

00:00:00 Introduction 

00:02:52 Writing from a place of confusion and curiosity 

00:08:15 The only Serious Philosophical Problem

00:08:55 The Nietzschian Criterion 

00:11:32 Can we live with the awareness of the absurd without turning away?

00:13:00 Suicide as a social cause vs. existential cause 

00:14:56 Is living worth the suffering?

00:14:44 The uncertainty of the afterlife

00:16:47 Camus two certainties 

00:18:08 Nostalgia for Unity 

00:20:40 Camus’s Critique of Science 

00:23:11 Waking up to the Absurd  

00:27:35 Definition of Absurdity

00:30:04 Philosophical Suicide 

00:30:55 Critique of Kierkegaard 

00:36:25 Critique of the Phenomenologists

00:43:21 Truths worth Dying For

00:47:05 The Greek Myth of Sisyphus 

00:52:50 What Makes Sisyphus a Tragedy 

00:54:44 Abandoning Hope

00:57:29 Consciousness as the cause of and cure to suffering 

00:58:16 Finding Meaning in the struggle 

01:03:42 We can only control how we respond 

01:05:27 Crushing Truths Perish from Being Acknowledged  

01:09:00 wrapping up/outro


Jul 25, 202201:10:25
18. Harry Frankfurt on Bull$#!T

18. Harry Frankfurt on Bull$#!T

In this episode we unpack American Philosopher Harry G. Frankfurt's 1986 essay "On Bullshit."

This essay explores...

-What bullshit is

-How bullshitting differs from lying

-Why bullshitting is so prevalent in our culture

Links to Reading and Other Sources Mentioned

On Bullshit by Harry G. Frankfurt

Of Liars by Michel de Montaigne

Glengarry Glen Ross (film)

Conversations with a Killer: The Ted Bundy Tapes

*note* reading is not required to enjoy this episode!

Host: Zach Stehura  UnpackingIdeas.com

Guest: Max Robinson

Theme Music: Polyenso

Timestamps

00:00:00 Introduction

00:02:59 the Bullshit Artist

00:06:18 Background of the Essay

00:07:20 The Proliferation of Bullshit

00:09:12 How Bullshitting Differs from Lying

00:13:38 Politician’s Dodge

00:17:38 Incentives to Bullshit

00:24:00 How Bullshitting Differs from Bluffing

00:25:36 The Etymology of “Bullshit”

00:26:51 Speaking Without Saying Anything 

00:29:00 Bullshitting Compared to the Act of Shitting 

00:30:53 What Function Does Bullshit Serve?

00:32:58 Has the Digital Age Increased Bullshit?

00:33:41 Is there More Bullshit Now than in Previous Generations?

00:37:16 How Democracy Increases Bullshit

00:40:42 “Talking Out of Your Ass”

00:41:53 “Trash Talking” 

00:42:56 “Smooth Talking”

00:43:52 A Bull Session

00:46:55 “Shooting the Shit”

00:48:30 Pretentious Bullshit

00:49:53 “Don’t Piss on My Leg and Tell me it’s Raining”

00:50:39 Outro


Jul 04, 202251:31
17. Stanley Milgram on Obedience to Authority

17. Stanley Milgram on Obedience to Authority

In this episode we unpack American Social Psychologist Stanley Milgram's 1974 book "Obedience to Authority."

This book explores...

-Why we lose our sense of moral responsibility when taking orders

-Why we are so bad at predicting our capacity to be obedient

-Why the desire to be polite can lead us to do evil

Links to Reading and Other Books/Movies Mentioned

Obedience to Authority by Stanley Milgram

CRT: An Introduction by Richard Delgado & Jean Stefancic

Cat Person by Kristen Roupenian (short story)

Experimenter (movie about Stanley Milgram)

A Hidden Life by Terrence Malick (film)

**note** reading is not required to enjoy the episode!

Host: Zach Stehura    UnpackingIdeas.com

Guest: Claire Bevan ClairehBevan@gmail.com

Theme Music: Polyenso   listen here

Timestamps

00:00:00 Introduction

00:02:52 Historical context of the Milgram Experiment

00:05:00 Asch’s Conformity Experiment

00:06:57 Milgram’s Existential Questions for the Experiment

00:09:25 Milgram’s Personal Motivation for the Experiments

00:09:53 Summary of the Experiment

00:15:012 Milgram’s Hypothesis for the Experiment

00:17:25 Results of the Experiment

00:18:39 the Disconnect between our predictions and reality

00:19:50 The Attribution Error

00:21:07 The Agentic State/Loss of Moral Responsibility

00:25:47 The Horrific Consequences of the Division of Labor in Society

00:28:12 Doing What We’re Told as a Way of Preserving Cognitive Energy

00:32:35 Victim Blaming

00:33:10 Dehumanization feedback loop

00:38:26 Variations of the Experiment

00:39:20 Proximity of Experimenter to Subject

00:43:35 Proximity of Subject to Victim

00:47:47 Power in Numbers in Dissent

00:51:30 Not Seeing Disobedience as an Option

00:54:08 Counteranthropromorphism

00:56:36 More Variations

00:58:52 Motivations for Dissent

01:01:30 The Sequential Nature of Action

01:03:43 The Unknown of Dissent

01:04:22 The Moment of Bravery to Say No

01:05:08 Obeying out of a sense of Politeness

01:09:49 Feeling Bad After Doing the Right Thing

01:12:28 Profiles of Subjects

01:13:22 Obedience to God as an Antidote to Obedience to Corruption

01:18:14 Feeling Bad vs. Doing Good

01:20:18 The Effects of the Experiment on the Subjects

01:23:08 The Ethics of the Experiment

01:24:40 Lessons Learned for the Experiment

01:29:16 Variations we would have liked to see

01:32:22 Wrapping Up/Outro


Jun 06, 202201:33:36
16. The Book of Job on The Problem of Evil

16. The Book of Job on The Problem of Evil

In this episode we unpack "The Book of Job" from The Old Testament of the Bible

This book explores...

-Why God allows bad things to happen to innocent people

-Why surrender is sometimes the only answer to that which is out of our control

-Why pondering the cosmos helps put our personal suffering into perspective

Links to Reading and other Books mentioned

The King James Bible

The Wisdom Books by Robert Alter

The Art of Biblical Poetry by Robert Alter

Answer to Job by Carl Jung

The Tree of Life by Terrence Malick (film)

**note** reading is not required to enjoy the episode!

Host: Zach Stehura    UnpackingIdeas.com

Guest: Lee Posna  LeePosna@gmail.com 

Theme Music: Polyenso   listen here

Timestamps

(00:01:22) Introducing Job

(00:03:59) Author/Date/Translation

(00:09:45) Summary of Job Story

(00:17:10) Loyalty to God

(00:22:55) "Naked came I out of my mother's womb, naked shall I return tither."

(00:26:19) Job's wife's skepticism

(00:27:55) Victim Blaming (Job's friends)

(00:36:39) God's response to Job

(00:42:40) Acceptance/Surrender to fate

(00:46:20) Carl Jung's "Answer to Job"

(00:53:59) Putting personal suffering into perspective

(00:58:43) The Problem of Evil

(01:23:28) Summing up





May 23, 202201:27:21
15. Rainer Maria Rilke on The Creative Process

15. Rainer Maria Rilke on The Creative Process

In this episode we unpack Austrian Existential Poet Rainer Maria Rilke's masterpiece "Letters to a Young Poet."

These letters explore...

-Why solitude is vital for creatives

-Why the creative process is similar to the gestation period and birthing of a baby

-Why advice is often unhelpful 

Links to Reading and other Books mentioned

Letters to a Young Poet by Rainer Maria Rilke

Attached by Amir Levine & Rachel Heller

Blue Zones by David Buettner

**note** reading is not required to enjoy the episode!

Host: Zach Stehura    UnpackingIdeas.com

Guest: Jasia Ries    Instagram @thejasia 

Theme Music: Polyenso   listen here

Timestamps

00:00:00 Introduction

00:03:17 Translation

00:03:55 Background to the letters

00:05:48 Advice to others is often advice to ourselves 

00:09:21 Turning inward to answer your biggest questions 

00:17:15 A great work of art springs from necessity 

00:22:19 There is nothing boring. Only boring people

00:23:26 Solitude 

00:30:36 The gestation of an idea

00:35:15 Rilke’s conception of God

00:41:48 Living the questions

00:48:15 Things that are difficult are worth doing

00:49:30 Entering a relationship from a place of already being whole

00:56:20 What the sexes can learn from each other 

01:04:04 Codependency vs. Interdependency 

01:09:50 Sadness and Change as two sides of the same coin

01:19:42 wrapping up/outro 

Mar 21, 202201:24:11
14. Robert Louis Stevenson on Idleness

14. Robert Louis Stevenson on Idleness

In this episode we unpack Scottish Novelist Robert Louis Stevenson's essay "An Apology for Idlers" from 1877.

The essay explores…

-Why we should spend a good deal of time being idle in our youth

-Why we have a moral duty to be happy

-Why books aren't all they're cracked up to be

Links to Reading and Articles mentioned

"An Apology to Idlers" by Robert Louis Stevenson

"Vagabonding" by Rolf Potts

**note** reading is not required to enjoy the episode!

Host: Zach Stehura      UnpackingIdeas.com

Guest: Alex Berner         Pocket Bard (Interactive music app for gamers and tabletop RPG's like D&D)

Theme Music: Polyenso     listen here

Timestamps

00:00:00 Introduction 

00:04:42 Does idleness make us grow weary?

00:08:21 Stevenson’s definition of Idleness

00:12:58 how different generations view idleness

00:17:57 how one’s happiness effects other people

00:22:24 better to be happy and poor than miserable and industrious 

00:28:04 the resentment workers feel towards idlers

00:31:01 rethinking priorities 

00:31:31 the story of Alexander the Great and Diogenes 

00:41:57 the resentment unrecognized workers feel

00:45:58 equating one’s self worth with one’s economic value

00:48:51 spending time being idle in youth

00:50:28 Experiential learning vs. book learning

00:54:12 books are a bloodless substitute for life

00:59:11 leaving yourself space for having your own ideas 

01:06:26 all work and no play is soul crushing

01:08:52 assessing how much time we spend on certain tasks

01:12:17 your work doesn’t matter as much as you think it does

01:13:12 the “great man” theory of history

01:17:45 why sacrificing your youth for work is a bad idea

01:21:25 fame and money doesn’t make you happy

01:24:17 sensitivity to talking about work

01:26:59 wrapping up/outro




Feb 21, 202201:29:46
13. Epicurus on Death Anxiety

13. Epicurus on Death Anxiety

In this episode we unpack "Letter to Menoeceus" by Ancient Greek Philosopher Epicurus. 

The Letter explores...

-Why death is not something we need to fear

-Why those who need luxury least are the ones who enjoy it most

-How to make calculations to maximize pleasure and tranquility

Links to Reading and articles mentioned

"Letter to Menoceus" by Epicurus

"Money Buys Happiness Only to a Certain Point" by Andrew T. Jebb of Purdue University 

"Death" by Thomas Nagel

"Better Never to Have Been" by David Benatar"

**note** reading is not required to enjoy the episode!

Host: Zach Stehura Unpackingideas.com

Guest: Daniel Libin

Theme Music: Polyenso Listen here

Timestamps

00:00:00 Introduction

00:02:04 Section 1

00:03:00 Philosophy is for The Old and Young

00:06:28 Happiness is Not Everything, but Unhappiness is

00:09:38 Happiness vs. Ataraxia vs. Eudaemonia 

00:15:34 Section 2

00:17:32 Gods Aren’t Concerned with Human Affairs 

00:20:00 Section 3

00:21:29 Epicurean Death Argument

00:22:55 Alief vs. Belief

00:25:45 Aristotle’s 3 types of Arguments

00:26:47 Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

00:29:25 Near Death Experiences

00:30:04 Fear of Death vs. Fear of Dying

00:31:17 Death Anxiety

00:32:41 Thomas Nagel’s Counter Argument to Epicurus

00:42:58 Section 4

00:45:00 Better to Have Never Been?

00:52:30 Section 5

00:53:47 Ataroxia 

00:54:44 Buddhism vs. Epicureanism

01:01:14 Section 6

01:02:32 Epicureanism vs. Hedonism

01:07:35 All Pain is Bad, but Sometimes We Should Choose the Painful Option

01:09:00 Hedonic Calculation

01:10:30 Section 7

01:12:18 Misinterpretations of Epicureanism

01:13:54 Those Who Least Need Extravagances, Enjoy Them the Most

01:16:47 “Everything Natural is Easy to Obtain, Whatever is Groundless is Hard to Obtain”

01:24:23 Section 8

01:25:14 Prudence & Justice

01:28:40 Section 9 

01:30:37 Better to Be Virtuous than Lucky 

01:33:08 Wrapping up/Outro


Feb 04, 202201:35:04
12. Cicero on Friendship
Jan 01, 202201:28:28
11. Sun Tzu on The Art of War
Dec 20, 202101:26:52
10. Jacob Bronowski on The Ascent of Man
Oct 06, 202101:02:01
9. Erich Neumann on Scapegoat Psychology Pt. 2
Sep 22, 202101:27:29
8. Erich Neumann on Scapegoat Psychology Pt. 1
Sep 08, 202101:27:32
7. Dale Carnegie on Winning Friends and Influencing People
Aug 26, 202101:20:27
6. David Foster Wallace on The Ethics of Eating Animals
Aug 11, 202101:24:22
5. Henry David Thoreau on The Art of Walking
Jul 21, 202101:07:24
4. Ted Kaczynski on The Perils of Modern Technology
Jul 07, 202101:25:17
3. Seneca on Anger
Jun 23, 202101:07:28
2. Ralf Waldo Emerson on Authenticity
May 31, 202101:09:43
1. Michel de Montaigne on The Value of Conversation
May 17, 202101:08:23